The gateway routes requests to a selected web server in the back-end pool, using a set of rules configured for the gateway to determine where the request should go.
There are two primary methods of routing traffic, path-based routing and multiple site hosting.
Path-based routing enables you to send requests with different paths in the URL to a different pool of back-end servers.
Multiple site hosting enables you to configure more than one web application on the same application gateway instance. In a multi-site configuration, you register multiple DNS names (CNAMEs) for the IP address of the Application Gateway, specifying the name of each site.

MultiSite Hosting

Application Gateway multiple site hosting
Multiple site hosting enables you to configure more than one web application on the same port of application gateways using public-facing listeners.

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up to 100+ websites to one application gateway
Each website can be directed to its own backend pool.
- For example, three domains, http://contoso.com , http://fabrikam.com , and http://adatum.com , point to the IP address of the application gateway.
- You'd create three multi-site listeners and configure each listener for the respective port and protocol setting.
You can also define wildcard host names in a multi-site listener

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